SMG‐1 inhibition by miR‐192/‐215 causes epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in gastric carcinogenesis via activation of Wnt signaling

SMG-1,a member of the phosphoinositide kinase-like kinase family, functioned as a tumor suppressor gene. However, the role of SMG-1 in GC remain uncharacterized. In this study, regulation of SMG-1 by miR-192 and-215, along with the biological effects of this modulation, were studied in GC. We used gene microarrays to screening and luciferase reporter assays were to verify the potential targets of miR-192 and-215. Tissue microarrays analyses were applied to measure the levels of SMG-1 in GC tissues. Western blot assays were used to assess the signaling pathway of SMG-1 regulated by miR-192 and-215 in GC. SMG-1 was significantly downregulated in GC tissues.The proliferative and invasive properties of GC cells were decreased by inhibition of miR-192 and-215, whereas an SMG-1siRNA rescued the inhibitory effects. Finally, SMG-1 inhibition by miR-192 and-215 primed Wnt signaling and induced EMT. Wnt signaling pathway proteins were decreased markedly by inhibitors of miR-192 and-215, while SMG-1 siRNA reversed the inhibition apparently. Meanwhile, miR-192 and-215 inhitibtors increased E-cadherin expression and decreased N-cadherin and cotransfection of SMG-1 siRNA reversed these effects. In summary, these findings illustrate that SMG-1 is suppressed by miR-192 and-215 and functions as a tumor suppressor in GC by inactivating Wnt signaling and suppressing EMT.